Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
Azerbaijan -- a secular nation with a majority-Turkic and majority-Shia Muslim population -- was briefly independent (from 1918 to 1920) following the collapse of the Russian Empire; it was subsequently incorporated into the Soviet Union for seven decades. Beginning in 1988, Azerbaijan and Armenia fought over the Nagorno-Karabakh region, which was populated largely by ethnic Armenians but incorporated into Soviet Azerbaijan as an autonomous oblast in the early 1920s. In the late Soviet period, an ethnic-Armenian separatist movement sought to end Azerbaijani control over the region.
- Capital
- Baku (Baki, Baky)
- Government
- presidential republic
- Population
- 10,694,370
- Area
- 86,600 sq km
- Location
- Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia, with a small European portion north of the Caucasus range
- Climate
- dry, semiarid steppe
- Natural resources
- petroleum; natural gas; iron ore; nonferrous metals; bauxite
- Languages
- Azerbaijani 96.1%; other 1.4%; less than 1%: Russian; Avar…
- Religions
- Muslim 97.3% (predominantly Shia); Christian 2.6%; other <0.1; unaffiliated <0.1
- Independence
- 30 August 1991 (declared from the Soviet Union); 18 October 1991 (adopted by the Supreme C…
- Administrative divisions
- 66 districts (rayonlar; singular - rayon), 11 cities (saharlar; sahar - singular) districts: Abseron, Agcabadi, Agdam, A…
- Currency
- Azerbaijani manats (AZN)
- Export partners
- Italy 37%; Turkey 19%; Israel 5%; Greece 4%…
- Import partners
- Russia 17%; China 16%; Turkey 14%; Georgia 4%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain