Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
A global maritime power during the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of Brazil, its wealthiest colony, in 1822. A revolution deposed the monarchy in 1910, and for most of the next six decades, repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup ushered in broad democratic reforms. The following year, Portugal granted independence to all its African colonies. Portugal is a founding member of NATO and entered the EC (now the EU) in 1986.
- Capital
- Lisbon
- Government
- semi-presidential republic
- Population
- 10,194,277
- Area
- 92,090 sq km
- Location
- Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain
- Climate
- maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
- Natural resources
- fish; forests (cork); iron ore; copper; zinc; tin…
- Languages
- Portuguese (official); Mirandese (official; but locally used)
- Religions
- Catholic 68.1%; not applicable 12.9%; no religion 12.0%; no response 2.2%…
- Independence
- 1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 1 December 1640 (independence reestablished after 6…
- Administrative divisions
- 18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma);…
- Currency
- euros (EUR)
- Export partners
- Spain 21%; France 11%; Germany 10%; USA 8%…
- Import partners
- Spain 33%; Germany 11%; France 7%; Netherlands 5%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain