Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
First inhabited by Austronesian people, Taiwan became home to Han immigrants beginning in the late Ming Dynasty (17th century). In 1895, military defeat forced China's Qing Dynasty to cede Taiwan to Japan, which then governed Taiwan for 50 years. Taiwan came under Chinese Nationalist (Kuomintang, KMT) control after World War II. With the communist victory in the Chinese civil war in 1949, the Nationalist-controlled Republic of China government and 2 million Nationalists fled to Taiwan and continued to claim to be the legitimate government for mainland China and Taiwan, based on a 1947 constitution drawn up for al…
- Capital
- Taipei
- Government
- semi-presidential republic
- Population
- 23,600,776
- Area
- 35,980 sq km
- Location
- Eastern Asia, islands bordering the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, South China Sea, and Taiwan Strait, north of the Philippines, off the southeastern…
- Climate
- tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); persistent and extensive cloudiness all year
- Natural resources
- small deposits of coal; natural gas; limestone; marble; asbestos; arable land
- Languages
- Mandarin (official); Min Nan; Hakka dialects; approximately 16 indigenous languages
- Religions
- Buddhist 35.3%; Taoist 33.2%; Christian 3.9%; folk religion (includes Confucian) approximately 10%…
- Administrative divisions
- includes main island of Taiwan, plus smaller islands nearby and off coast of China's Fujian Province;
- Currency
- New Taiwan dollars (TWD)
- Export partners
- China 20%; USA 17%; Hong Kong 13%; Singapore 9%…
- Import partners
- China 21%; Japan 13%; USA 11%; S. Korea 9%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain